How Do Penny Book Sellers Make Money?  I am not sure if they do – if they do make a profit it is minimal a few cents at most.  Lets break down a penny sale on Amazon and see how it works.  Lets assume the seller is a Pro Merchant on Amazon and pays the $40 monthly fee.

Let’s assume the book weighs less than 1lb for shipping purposes

$4.00 – is the amount collected by Amazon – this is the $.01 plus the $3.99 standard shipping charge.

($1.35) – is the amount Amazon takes out of the shipping leaving $2.65.

($2.38) – the amount to ship a book that weighs 1lb or less via media mail as of today.

Potential profit $.27.  Twenty-Seven Cents - not factoring in other expenses such as labels, envelopes, internet, time spent listing and shipping and all the other subscription fees that make up your overhead.  So lets say a penny seller can make $.20 on each sale.  You would need to sell 500 books a day to make $100 a day at that rate – which means you are going to have to have someone help you prep all those books for shipping further eating into your profits. 

 Does this make sense as a business model – not to me.  Understand though – this is their business model – penny sellers are not by accident.  So they must be ok with those lousy margins.  Maybe the penny sellers do not value their time properly and are ok with stuffing 500 envelopes with books for $.20 each.

Sellers of books for a penny are the worst – they clutter Amazon with the junk listings with no descriptions but they do make money and so does Amazon.  Remember – Amazon makes $1.35 for every penny book sold.

Selling books online can be very profitable. When individual sales are quickly glanced at the potential for profits can seem great.  I have bought many books for $1 and sold it for $30 or more many times – very fat profit margins.  The thing of it is that becasue I do everything online I can lose track of my margins.  Managing your bookselling venture like a small business is important. 

I sell my books online and do almost all of the back office business online.  This creates a very simple business to run but because so much of the processes are done online.  My books and envelopes are the only real things I store.  I manage my overall business on a cash basis but keeping track of the details is important.  Here are things that are easy to lose track of in terms of really figuring out what your margins are:

• Marketplace monthly fees – Amazon is straightforward but eBay is variable
• Commissions taken per book by the marketplaces
• Postage – Amazon takes another chunk here
• Cost per envelope
• Monthly fees of Endicia
• Monthly fees of Inventory Management System – in my case The Art of Books
• Cost of books

The list can go on and it becomes depressing how much others make when I sell one book – everyone gets their cut.  So when I sell a book for $10 that I bought for $1 I am not making $9 (or even $8).  This is one reason it is some important to figure out your margins as you can figure out what books are not worth selling.

Keep track of everything, work the numbers and focus on the bottom line and you should see your profits increase.  Regulary shop around for new vendors.  Is your inventory management provider the best for the money.  How about your envelope provider? Ink toner?  All of these eat into profits.  Spend time shopping and save.

Many online booksellers wonder about the mysteries of the Amazon Sales Rank.  These booksellers ponder the deep philosophical questions of what is the Amazon sales rank – how is it calculated, when is it calculated and what does it all mean and when will my book sell.

The bottom line on the Amazon Sales Rank is this – the lower the number the faster the book should sell.  What this means that if you have a book with a 40,000 sales rank and another with a 600,000 sales rank the one with a 40,000 rank is in higher demand.  Does this mean the lower rank will sell first? Not neccesarily – you need to factor in supply, your price point  and the books condition.  The lower ranked book likely has many more of them for sale on the Amazon marketplace so your copy needs to be priced to move as other copies are going to be listed after yours  and they will likely beat your price. 

 I recently got a copy of Tom Dorsey’s book Nuclear Jellyfish (I still have it unfortunately).  I listed it on Amazon to match lowest price for its condition and expected it to sell in a day or two given that the book had just been released.  Weeks have gone by and the book is still on my shelf because the price dropped on it almost immediately and I am terrible at repricing my books with any regularity.  There are, of course, dozens of copies of the book for sale and it is likely heading to penny seller territory soon enough.  Its sales rank at the time I listed it was below 10,000.  Usually the book sells quickly but sales rank alone is not a guarantee.

I have had books with high sales ranks (in the millions) go immediately.  This is often books that are out of print and there are no other copies for sale or the copies that are listed are prohibitively expensive.

Amazon Sales Rank is predominately a buying tool for me.  Sales Rank and price are the two main factors in considering what books I buy.  If it has a high resale value I will generally buy a book regardless of sales rank.  The lower the resale price the lower the sales rank needs to be.  Generally any book that sells for less then $5 I will not bother with regardless of rank.  Between $5 and $10 the sales rank needs to be very low and above $10 I am willing to have books be between 400k and 800k in rank.  Above that the book needs to be at least $12.  All of this is fluid and depends on how much inventory I have and how sales are.

So does it matter how Amazon calculates sales ranks? No.

If you are an online bookseller you are going to need an inventory management system such as The Art of Books.  What should an inventory management program do?

• Keep a database of all your current inventory and all past sales
• List your books on all the marketplaces you sell on – not all systems work on eBay and other sites
• Help you price your inventory and re-price as needed – this can be a pain
• Allow you to track your cost of goods sold and postage expenses
• Help you avoid double sales by quickly removing sold books from all the markets
• Have responsive customer service
• Use servers that are reliable
• Integrate easily with your shipping software such as Endicia
• Be reasonably priced

I am likely missing a few things but an inventory management system should be robust.  There are many companies which provide these services and the pricing for them is all over the map.  I currently use The Art of Books and have previously used Fillz and Amanpro.  I have looked at other services but found their pricing to be nuts for the amount of books I have listed (approximately 2500).

I think The Art of Books is the best service if you are selling on multiple marketplaces.  Their re-pricing is not the best but I can muddle through it.  I used Fillz but it had many issues integrating properly with eBay and their re-pricing was also not user friendly.  Amanpro is fantastic but it only works with Amazon – it think Amanpro probably is so good is because it is a database that is stored on your own computer.  I loved Amanpro but needed to grow my business beyond what it was capable of offering.

A lot of the inventory management providers have slick web-sites with all sorts of claims and neat flowcharts but nothing on the backend.  The Art of Books website looks amateurish (relatively speaking) but it offers excellent value.  I found their customer service responsive (and helpful!!).  The instructions on how to use it were accessible and not hard to follow – so if you are listing on more markets than just Amazon they are the way to go.

NO .  Online booksellers have access to the largest websites in the world – sites like Amazon and eBay so you think you will put together your own store and sell your inventory there.  The logic of having your own website is that somehow you will save on all the fees & commissions the other sites charge you.  Of course you will need to get your website set-up (fee) find a webhost (monthly fee) and get people to visit your site (advertising costs) all to save the commission that Amazon would charge you. 

If you average selling price for a book is between $10 and $20 the commission from Amazon would be $1.50 plus the cut of the shipping they take.  So you could save almost $3 a sale.  That is pretty good economic sense to having your own website but that assumes you can charge the same as Amazon.  People like Amazon because their brand is strong, the selection is tremendous and their customer service is excellent.  Your webstore – people have no idea.  So why buy a book from you if they can get the same book (possibly yours) from Amazon.  Maybe you will get sales on your website if you offer lower prices and cheaper shipping thus ruining the economic argument of having your own site.

Pricing aside you may want your own site because you deal in a very specialized inventory – be it first editions, signed books, or a niche topic.  You want to be able to distinguish your books from your competitors by offering fuller descriptions and more info on the provenance of the book – these are all thing a webstore can do – but so can ebay.  Here though the economics offer more benefit given that first editions and other collectibles sell for more. 

Setting up your website and getting your inventory on it is not that diffucult.  Amazon, eBay and Chrislands all offer to set up site for you.  I think eBay’s Prostores are the best.  The hard part is making sure the buyer has a good experience and that you are building your brand as a quality bookseller.  This takes content.  Don’t just list your books – tell your story, tell about the books, the authors, talk about different genres – anything that will get people coming back to your site.  All of this is time consuming and hard work but neccesary.  Throwing your inventory up on your own website will be a waste of time and money if you do not do it right  which may mean spending even more money to hire third parties to help.

Once again – if you are just starting out in online bookselling do not go out and set-up your own webstore.  Start on Amazon, then Alibris , then eBay and slowly build up your experience.  Check ot my guide for more info – the link for it is over on the right column under products I recommend (it is the bookselling guide).